Network Terminologies
Network Terminologies – Key Concepts in Computer Networking Explained
Understanding network terminologies is essential for anyone diving into IT, cybersecurity, or ethical hacking. This page serves as a comprehensive glossary of commonly used networking terms, acronyms, and concepts such as IP addresses, DNS, TCP/IP, firewalls, routing, and protocols.
Whether you’re a student, a beginner in tech, or preparing for networking certifications like CompTIA Network+, CCNA, or Security+, this guide will help you decode the language of networking. Our clear definitions and real-world examples make it easy to grasp even complex terms — helping you build a strong foundation for advanced learning, interviews, or hands-on labs.
Explore the glossary, strengthen your networking basics, and stay ahead in your cybersecurity or IT career.
Learn all the essential network terminologies you need to understand computer networking. This page breaks down important terms like IP, DNS, DHCP, TCP/IP, firewalls, routers, subnets, and more in simple language. Perfect for beginners, students, and anyone preparing for networking, cybersecurity, or IT-related interviews.
Click on the Network Terminology to learn more about it
It refers to the data rate supported by a network connection or interface.
It is the 5th generation of twisted pair Ethernet cabling and the most popular of all
twisted pair cables in use today.
DNS stands for domain name system. The domain name is connected to an IP address which allows us to access sites by name in our browser.
A security device or software that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic, based on a set of predefined security rules.
File Transfer Protocol allows one to transfer files between computers on the
Internet. Technically, FTP is a simple network protocol based on IP, but many also use
the term “FTP” to refer to this type of file sharing service.
HTTP stands for hypertext transfer protocol. It is an application layer network protocol built on top
of TCP. HTTP allows Web browsers and Web servers to communicate.
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A unique numerical identifier assigned to each device on a network, used to identify and communicate with other devices.
ICMP stands for internet control message protocol. It is used to send messages between devices to indicate their availability or error conditions.
A network that connects devices within a limited geographical area, such as a home, office, or building.
Media Access Control) technology provides unique identification and access
control for computers on an Internet Protocol (IP) network
Media Access Control address Also known as physical address, the MAC Address is the unique identifier of each host and is associated with its NIC (Network Interface Card). A MAC address is assigned to the NIC at the time of manufacturing. The length of the MAC address is: 12-nibble/ 6 bytes/ 48 bits
NAT stands for network address translation. It is a way to repackage and send incoming requests to a routing server to the relevant devices or servers on a LAN.
Any device connected to a network, such as a computer, printer, or router.
A collection of interconnected devices, such as computers, printers, and servers, that can communicate with each other.
A set of rules and standards that define how devices on a network communicate with each other.
This is simply a two byte number embedded in the TCP data packet used to communicate
over the network. Servers are said to listen on certain ports.
A networking device that connects multiple networks together and forwards data packets between them.
SSH stands for secure shell. It is a type of encrypted protocol usually present in the application layer that can be used to communicate with a remote server in a secure way.
A networking device that connects devices on a network and forwards data packets between them.
A set of protocols used to communicate over the internet and other networks.
UDP stands for user datagram protocol. It is a popular companion protocol to TCP and is also implemented in the transport layer.
VPN stands for virtual private network. It is a means of connecting separate LANs through the internet, while maintaining privacy.
A network that connects devices over a large geographical area, such as multiple offices in different cities or countries.
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A protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and network configuration settings to devices on a network.
Network Interface Card provides a hardware interface between a computer and a
network. The term NIC most commonly refers to network adapter hardware in the form
factor of an add-in card.
It is the name of a standard network utility packaged with popular network operating
systems.
A gateway is an interface between two networks, normally a local area network and a wide
area network.
The Submask is used to tell a device what range of devices it is directly connected to and is
used in conjunction with its own IP Address
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. This is a method by which a device on a network can
get an IP address.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Network terminologies refer to the key terms and concepts used in computer networking, such as IP address, DNS, firewall, protocol, and routing. These are foundational to understanding how devices communicate over a network.
Learning network terminologies is critical for anyone pursuing a career in IT, cybersecurity, ethical hacking, or system administration, as it forms the basis for understanding how networks operate and how to secure them.
Yes, this glossary is designed to be beginner-friendly and includes easy-to-understand definitions with examples wherever possible.
Absolutely. Many of the terms listed are part of the core objectives for networking certifications such as CCNA, CompTIA Network+, and others.
We regularly update our glossary to include new or trending networking terms based on changes in technology and industry best practices.
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